It is a surgical procedure to remove the uterus, also known as the womb, where a baby grows during pregnancy.
It is performed for various reasons, including chronic pain, cancer, and infections.
This procedure can vary depending on the reason for the surgery. If needed, the ovaries and fallopian tubes are also removed.
After a hysterectomy, menstrual periods stop, and pregnancy is no longer possible.
Types of Hysterectomy
There are several types of hysterectomy:
- Partial Hysterectomy: A portion of the uterus is removed, leaving the cervix intact.
- Total Hysterectomy: The whole uterus and cervix is removed.
- Hysterectomy and Salpingo-Oophorectomy: The uterus, along with one or both the ovaries and fallopian tubes, is removed.
Hormone replacement therapy may be necessary if both ovaries are removed.
Reasons for a Hysterectomy
Doctors may recommend a hysterectomy for various conditions, such as:
- Chronic pelvic pain
- Uncontrollable vaginal bleeding
- Uterine, cervical, or ovarian cancer
- Unmanageable fibroids
- Pelvic inflammatory disease
- Uterine prolapse
- Endometriosis
- Adenomyosis
- Uterine bleeding post-pregnancy
How is a Hysterectomy Performed?
Hysterectomies can be performed using different methods, requiring either general or local anaesthesia:
- Abdominal Hysterectomy: A large abdominal incision is given and uterus is removed
- Vaginal Hysterectomy: The uterus is removed by giving an incision in the vagina.
- Laparoscopic Hysterectomy: A laparoscope is used to remove the uterus through several small abdominal incisions.
Recovery and Risks
After surgery, patients stay in hospital for 1 to 5 days.
Walking is encouraged to prevent blood clots.
Full recovery can take 3 to 8 weeks, depending on the surgery type.
Common short-term side effects include pain, bleeding, infection, and bladder problems.
Long-term side effects might involve lymphedema, muscle weakness, vaginal shortening, and intestinal blockage.
A hysterectomy is a significant procedure with various implications and potential risks. It's crucial to discuss thoroughly with your doctor to understand the best options for your condition.
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